Another Challenge of Hash Functions

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TLS Server Name Indication Extension and Unrecognized_name

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Heavy Pond, Jianfengling National Forest Park, Ledong, Hainan, China It's getting hot that some TLS/HTTPS server failed with "unrecognized_name". For example, the Adobe AIR 3 Code Signing Certificate Problem , the ADT handshake alert , and the jarsigner issue with timestamp.geotrust.com , etc. This entry will discussion some background of the "unrecognized_name" alert, and the TLS Server Name Indication (SNI) extension. Background "Unrecognized_name" is an error alert, define by RFC4366 .  In section 4 of RFC4366 : - "unrecognized_name": this alert is sent by servers that receive a server_name extension request, but do not recognize the server name. This message MAY be fatal. And in section 3.1 of of RFC4366 : If the server understood the client hello extension but does not recognize the server name, it SHOULD send an "unrecognized_name" alert (which MAY be fatal). From above sections, we see that "unrecognized...
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Use Braces Even For Single Line Statement

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On Feb. 21, 2014, Apple released security update for iOS that affected SSL/TLS connections. The impact is described as "An attacker with a privileged network position may capture or modify data in sessions protected by SSL/TLS." And the CVSS v2 Base Score is 6.8(AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P). What's the problem with it? Here is the Apple code : static OSStatus SSLVerifySignedServerKeyExchange(SSLContext *ctx, bool isRsa, SSLBuffer signedParams, uint8_t *signature, UInt16 signatureLen) { ... if ((err = ReadyHash(&SSLHashSHA1, &hashCtx)) != 0) goto fail; if ((err = SSLHashSHA1.update(&hashCtx, &clientRandom)) != 0) goto fail; if ((err = SSLHashSHA1.update(&hashCtx, &serverRandom)) != 0) goto fail; if ((err = SSLHashSHA1.update(&hashCtx, &signedParams)) != 0) goto fail; goto fail; if ((err = SSLHashSHA1.final(&hashCtx, &has...
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NIST Security Strength Time Frames

Security Strength Time Frames of NIST SP 800-57 Part 1 Security Strength 80 112 128 192 256 applying processing applying processing through 2010 acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable 2011 through2013 deprecated legacy use acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable 2014 through 2030 disallowed legacy use acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable acceptable 2031 and Beyond disallowed legacy use disallowed legacy use acceptable acceptable acceptable Symmetric Algorithms 2TDEA 3TDEA AES-128 AES-192 AES-256 FFC (e.g., DSA, D-H) L = 1024 N = 160 L = 2048 N = 224 L = 3072 N = 256 L = 7680 N = 384 L = 15360 N = 512 IFC (e.g., RSA) k = 1024 k = 2048 k = 3072 k = 7680 k = 15360 ECC (e.g.,ECDSA) f = 160-223 f = 224-255 f = 256-383 f = 384-511 f = 512+ Digital Signatures and hash-only applications SHA-1, SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-5...
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